Improving Cooperation and Critical Thinking Ability Using The "Be Smart" Model in Primary School Students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62966/joese.v2i2.883Keywords:
Collaboration, Critical Thinking Skills, Mathematics, Elementary School, BE SMARTAbstract
The problem in this research is the low level of cooperation and critical thinking abilities of students. The reason is that learning is one-way and the use of inappropriate learning models to stimulate critical thinking. An effort to overcome this is by using the "BE SMART" model. The purpose of this research is to analyze the increase in students' cooperation and critical thinking abilities. This research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) which was carried out in four meetings. The research subjects were 22 class V students at SDN Mawar 7 Banjarmasin. The type of research used is qualitative and quantitative data. The results of the research showed that student cooperation in meeting I was 45%, increasing in meeting IV by 95% in the category "All Students Work Together". Students' critical thinking abilities at meeting I were 41%, increasing at meeting IV at 95% in the category "All Students are Critical". It is recommended to teachers that the results of this " BE SMART " model research can be used as a reference in using innovative learning models.
References
Aek, A., Suddin, S., & Ahzan, ZN (2022). Efforts to Improve Critical Thinking Ability in Mathematics with Set Material Through the Numbered Head Together (NHT) Type Cooperative Learning Model for Class VII Students of Nian State Satap Middle School. MATH-EDU: Journal of Mathematics Education , 7 (1), 19–35.
Agustinova, DE, Sariyatun, Sutimin, LA, & Purwanta, H. (2022). The Urgency of 21st Century 4C Skills in History Learning. Socia: Journal of the Social Sciences , 19 (1), 49–60. http://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/jpip Journal
Aldistya, AB (2019). Increasing Student Collaboration Through the Number Head Together (NHT) Type Cooperative Learning Model in Class IV A Science Learning at SDN Margoyasan. Journal of Elementary Teacher Education , 6 (8), 622–635.
Alghafri, ASR, & Ismail, HN Bin. (2014). The Effects of Integrating Creative and Critical Thinking on Schools Students' Thinking. International Journal of Social Science and Humanity , 4 (6), 518–525.
Anwar, Ratnaningsih, A., & Yansaputra, G. (2021). Improving Collaboration and Mathematics Learning Outcomes Through the Class IV MI PBL Model. Journal of Digital Learning and Education , 1 (1), 33–38.
Ardiyansyah, M., & Metroyadi. (2021). Developing Cooperative Attitude With Friends Using A Combination Of The Dream Model With Picture Card Media For Early Childhood. E-Chief Journal (Early Childhood and Family Parenting Journal) , 1 (1), 25–34.
Ariyani, T., & Sari, R. (2024). Improving Activities, Critical Thinking Skills, and Learning Outcomes Using the Mentari Model in Class V of Elementary School. Journal of Educational and Learning Technology (JTPP) , 01 (03), 544–552.
Aslamiah, Cinantya, C., & Rafianti, WR (2023). Training on Creating Interactive Multimedia Based Learning Media for Elementary School Teachers in Banjarmasin. Bubungan Tinggi: Journal of Community Service , 5 (1), 143–150. http://ppjp.ulm.ac.id/journals/index.php/btj/index
Aulia, M., & Cinantya, C. (2023). Improving Critical Thinking Skills on Mathematics Material Using the Cheerful Side Model in Grade IV Elementary School Students. Journal of General Education , 1 (3), 204–211.
Azahra, N., & Jannah, F. (2023). Improving Activities, Critical Thinking Skills, and Learning Outcomes for Class IV A Civics Content Using the Rapid Model at SDN Manarap Lama 1. Khatulistiwa: Journal of Education and Social Humanities , 3 (4), 299–315. https://doi.org/10.55606/khatulistiwa.v3i4.2470
Azizah, & Ikhlas, RH (2021). The Effectiveness of the Nobangan Learning Model on the Collaboration Values of Elementary School Students. Basicedu Journal , 5 (6), 5761–5773.
Cendana, W., Wahyuni, M., Prasetyo, AH, Muntaha, Hikmawati, N., Suzana, Y., Harefa, D., Jamilah, Kosilah, Pratiwi, DA, Faridha, N., Mavianti, Astari, T. , Sufiyanto, MI, Dewantara, AH, Susilawati, E., Dewi, RS, Laili, RN, & Purwandari, E. (2022). THE BEST LEARNING MODELS (A. Setiawan (ed.); Print 1). Nuta Media.
Elsabrina, UR, Hanggara, GS, & Sancaya, SA (2022). Improving Students' Critical Thinking Ability Through Group Tutoring Services Using Creative Problem Solving Techniques. Proceedings of Indonesian Wisdom Counseling (KKN) , 502–514.
Erfan, M., Sari, N., Suarni, N., Maulyda, MA, & Indraswati, D. (2020). Improving Cognitive Learning Outcomes Through the Numbered Head Together (NHT) Cooperative Learning Model with the theme of Multiplication and Division of Fractions. IKA Journal: PGSD UNARS Alumni Association , 8 (1), 108–118.
Fatma, M., Wahyuni, M., & Witarsa, R. (2023). Improving Mathematics Learning Outcomes by Using the Numbered Head Together Cooperative Learning Model. Tambusai Education Journal , 7 (1), 3373–3381.
Fauhah, H., & Rosy, B. (2020). Analysis of the Make A Match Learning Model on Student Learning Outcomes. Journal of Office Administration Education (JPAP) , 9 (2), 321–334. https://doi.org/10.26740/jpap.v9n2.p321-334
Fristadi, R., & Bharata, H. (2015). Improving Students' Critical Thinking Ability with Problem Based Learning. UNY National Seminar on Mathematics and Mathematics Education 2015 , 597–602.
Ghufron, MA, & Ermawati, S. (2018). The Strengths and Weaknesses of Cooperative Learning and Problem-based Learning in EFL Writing Class: Teachers and Students' Perspectives. International Journal of Instruction , 11 (4), 657–672.
Hadaina, N., & Astawan, I.G. (2021). Instrument for Cooperation Ability of Group B Taman Children. Journal for Lesson and Learning Studies , 4 (1), 8–12.
Harsono, AMB, Murti, RC, & Cahya, RD (2023). The Relationship between 4C Skills and Students' Numeracy Literacy Abilities and Mathematics Learning Outcomes. AKSIOMA: Journal of the Mathematics Education Study Program , 12 (3), 3299–3308. https://doi.org/10.24127/ajpm.v12i3.7162
Hasanah, Z., & Himami, AS (2021). Cooperative Learning Model in Growing Student Learning Activeness. RSYADUNA: Journal of Student Studies , 1 (1), 1–13.
Hidayati, N., Zubaidah, S., Suarsini, E., & Praherdhiono, H. (2020). The Relationship between Critical Thinking and Knowledge Acquisition: The Role of Digital Mind Maps-PBL Strategies. International Journal of Information and Educational Technology , 10 (2), 140–145. https://doi.org/10.18178/IJIET
Hur'ien Assyifa, ST, Nurhasanah, & Tahir, M. (2023). Analysis of Collaboration Ability in Discussion Methods in Social Sciences Subjects for Class IV Students at SDN 37 Cakranegara Academic Year 2022 / 2023. Scientific Journal of Educational Professionals , 8 (3), 1577–1582. https://doi.org/10.29303/jipp.v8i3.1531
Isnaini, ZL, Arifin, Z., & Hariyani, Y. (2023). The Influence of the Make A Match Model on Collaboration and Student Learning Outcomes in Mathematics Class II Elementary School. Pendas: Scientific Journal of Basic Education , 08 (01), 7112–7121.
Janah, IIN, & Subroto, WT (2019). Comparison Of Cooperative Learning Models With Inquiry on Student Learning Outcomes. IJERE: International Journal of Educational Research Review , 4 (2), 178–182.
Kholifah, RN (2019). Increasing Collaboration Capabilities Through the NHT Type Cooperative Learning Model. Journal of Elementary School Teacher Education , 7 (8), 695–705.
Kurniawan, FDOS, Nurasiah, I., & Sutisna, A. (2021). Increasing student learning activities through implementing the Make a Match learning model in elementary schools. Attadib: Journal of Elementary Education , 5 (2), 124. https://doi.org/10.32507/attadib.v5i2.578
Kurniawati, D., & Ekayanti, A. (2020). The Importance of Critical Thinking in Mathematics Learning. PeTeKa (Journal of Classroom Action Research and Learning Development) , 3 (2), 107–114.
Kusumawati, IT, Soebagyo, J., & Nuriadin, I. (2022). Literature Study of Critical Thinking Ability with the Application of the PBL Model to the Constructivist Theory Approach. MathEdu JOURNAL (Mathematic Education Journal) , 5 (1), 13–18. http://journal.ipts.ac.id/index.php/MathEdu
Lestari, A., Erlisnawati, Syafriafdi, N., & Charlina. (2023). Application of the Cooperative Learning Approach to Improve Students' Collaborative Character. INNOVATIVE: Journal Of Social Science Research , 3 (6), 8162–8169. https://j-innovative.org/index.php/Innovative%0A
Mahliani, & Sari, R. (2023). Improving Activities, Critical Thinking Skills, Learning Outcomes for Class V Social Studies Students with the FRIENDSHIP Model at SDN Kelayan Timur 9 Banjarmasin. JPDSK: Journal of Social Education and Counseling , 1 (3), 534–540.
Maqbullah, S., Sumiati, T., & Muqodas, I. (2018). Application of the Problem Based Learning Model to Improve Critical Thinking Ability in Science Learning in Elementary Schools. Didactic Methodology , 13 (2), 106–112.
Masruro, S., Sudibyo, E., & Purnomo, T. (2021). Profile of Problem Based Learning to Improve Students' Critical Thinking Skills. IJORER : International Journal of Recent Educational Research , 2 (6), 682–699. https://journal.ia-education.com/index.php/ijorer
Maulida, YN, Eka, KI, & Wiarsih, C. (2020). Application of the Problem Based Learning Model to Improve Critical Thinking Abilities and Collaborative Attitudes in Elementary Schools. MUKADIMAH: Journal of Education, History and Social Sciences , 4 (1), 16–21. https://doi.org/10.30743/mkd.v3i2.1521
Muliandari, PTV (2019). The Influence of the NHT (Numbered Head Together) Type Cooperative Learning Model on Mathematics Learning Outcomes. International Journal of Elementary Education , 3 (2), 132–140.
Mulyanto, H., Gunarhadi, & Indriayu, M. (2018). The Effect of Problem Based Learning Model on Student Mathematics Learning Outcomes Viewed from Critical Thinking Skills. IJERE: International Journal of Educational Research Reviews , 3 (2), 37–45.
Nadia, & Sari, R. (2023). Improving Activities, Critical Thinking Skills, and Learning Outcomes Using the BATANDING Model in Elementary Schools. Journal of Educational and Learning Technology (JTPP) , 01 (02), 299–306. https://jurnal.kopusindo.com/index.php/jtpp/index
Nawangsih, R., Rusmawan, & Kurniastuti, D. (2023). Application of the Problem Based Learning Model to Improve Collaboration and Mathematics Learning Results for Class II SDN Gedongtengen. Didactics: Scientific Journal of PGSD FKIP Mandiri University , 09 (03), 113–124.
Noorhapizah, Nur'alim, Agusta, AR, & Fauzi, ZA (2019). Improving Critical Thinking Abilities Through Reading Comprehension Skills in Finding Important Information Using a Combination of Directed Inquiry Activity (DIA), Think Pair Share (TPS) and Scramble Models in Class V Students of SDN Pemurus Dalam 7 Banjarmasin. Proceedings of the ULM PS2DMP National Seminar , 5 (2), 101–116.
Noorhapizah, Pratiwi, DA, & Ramadhanty, K. (2022). Improving Critical Thinking Skills Using Smart Models for Elementary School Students. Journal of Scientific Horizons , 2 (2), 613–624.
Nourhasanah, FY, & Aslam. (2022). Effectiveness of the Numbered Head Together (NHT) Cooperative Learning Model on Elementary School Students' Mathematics Learning Outcomes. BASICEDU JOURNAL , 6 (3), 5124–5129.
Nurhayati, D., Setyawati, D., & Maharbid, DA (2022). Improving Mathematics Learning Outcomes on Fraction Material Through the Make A Match Model for Students. Education Journal of Bhayangkara (EDUKARYA) , 2 (2), 79–94.
Nurhayati, I., Pramono, KSE, & Farida, A. (2024). 4C Skills (Critical Thinking, Creativity, Communication and Collaboration) in Social Studies Learning to Answer the Challenges of the 21st Century. Basicedu Journal , 8 (1), 44–53. https://jbasic.org/index.php/basicedu%0AKeskills
Nuriyani, Melati, HA, & Hadi, L. (2023). Student Collaboration Skills on Reaction Rate Material at Islamic High School Bawari Pontianak. EduChem , 1 (2), 13–23. http://jurnal.untan.ac.id/index.php/EduChem
Nurkhasanah, D., Wahyudi, & Indarini, E. (2019). Application of the Problem Based Learning Model to Improve the Critical Thinking Ability of Fifth Grade Elementary School Students. Satya Widya , XXXV (1), 33–41.
Palupi, DI, Rahmani, E., Yusnita, E., Gustina, H., Pertiwi, H., & Priyanti, N. (2023). Get to know the Numbered Head Together (NHT) Cooperative Model for Early Childhood Learning. EDUKASIA: Journal of Education and Learning , 4 (1), 21–28.
Partono, Wardhani, HN, Setyowati, NI, Tsalitsa, A., & Putri, SN (2021). Strategy to Improve 4C Competencies (Critical Thinking, Creativity, Communication, & Collaborative). Journal of Educational Science Research , 14 (1), 41–52. http://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/jpip Journal
Pramasanti, R., Bramasta, D., & Anggoro, S. (2020). Implementation of Responsibility and Cooperation Character Education in Thematic Learning in the 2013 Curriculum at SD Negeri 2 Berkoh. PAPEDA Journal , 2 (1), 43–48.
Pramesti, A., Putri, FNM, Prastiwi, AB, & Zamzuri, M. (2022). Application of Problem Based Learning with Fraction Board Media in Improving Mathematics Learning Outcomes for Grade IV Elementary School. ALGAZALI: International Journal of Educational Research , 5 (1), 53–59.
Prameswari, DK, & Cinantya, C. (2023). Increasing Activities, Critical Thinking Skills and Learning Outcomes for Civics Content Using the Panda Model. Journal of General Education , 2 (1), 8–15.
Prastitasari, H., Isnani, N.M., Jumadi, Purwati, R., & Huljannah, M. (2023). Increasing Activity, Interest, and Mathematics Learning Outcomes Using the Map Turret Model. ELSE (Elementary School Education Journal) , 7 (1), 1–14.
Putri, DK, Sulianto, J., & Azizah, M. (2019). Mathematical Reasoning Ability in View from Problem Solving Ability. International Journal of Elementary Education , 3 (3), 351–357.
Putri, TAS, Suriansyah, A., & Purwanti, R. (2023). Increasing Students' Learning Motivation and Critical Thinking Skills Using the Smart Map Model in Elementary School Students. PENDASI: Indonesian Journal of Basic Education , 7 (2), 287–309.
Putro, AH, & Sumardjoko, B. (2023). Factors Inhibiting Students' Critical Thinking in Solving Hot Questions in PPKN Subjects . Treasures of Education: Scientific Journal of Education , 17 (1), 227–234.
Rachmawati. (2023). Improving Mathematics Learning Outcomes About Fractions Through the NHT (Numbered Head Together) Learning Model in Class V Students of Tegalsiwalan State Elementary School I. PEDAGOGY , 10 (1), 22–26.
Radiansyah, Sari, R., Jannah, F., Prihandoko, Y., & Rahmaniah, NF (2023). Improving children's critical thinking skills in elementary school through the development of problem based learning and HOTS models. International Journal of Curriculum Development, Teaching and Learning Innovation , 1 (2), 52–59. https://trigin.pelnus.ac.id/index.php/Curriculum/index
Rahimah, & Novitawati. (2023). Improving Activities, Mathematical Critical Thinking Skills and Student Learning Outcomes Using the Dandelion Model. JOEL: Journal of Educational and Language Research , 3 (2), 39–50.
Rahmawati, US, Handoyo, LD, & Rahadiyanto, R. (2023). Problem Based Learning Model to Improve Collaboration and Student Learning Outcomes in Mathematics Learning. JUPI- Indonesian Education Journal , 01 (02), 50–58.
Rahmawati, Y., Madlazim, & Sudibyo, E. (2024). The Role of Brain-Based Learning in Training Students' Critical Thinking Skills. IJORER : International Journal of Recent Educational Research , 5 (2), 443 - 455.
Refika, Cendana, W., Alawi, AM, Septiani, R., Agusta, AR, Sari, DC, Jelita, Mukhyar, Amri, M., Astari, T., Prestyo, AH, & Himawati, N. (2021) . Strategies for Creating Pancasila Student-Oriented Learning (M. Apriyanto (ed.); Print 1). Nuta Media.
Rifdah, KMN, Zaini, M., & Wardhana, KE (2023). Improving Mathematics Learning Outcomes for Class V MI, PBL Model Fractional Number Operations Material. SIPPG: Journal of Teacher Professional Education , 1 (2), 1–16.
Sari, BTW, & Kristin, F. (2020). Effectiveness of Using the Problem Based Learning Model and Group Investigation Model on Elementary School Students' Collaboration Ability. Basicedu Journal , 4 (2), 257–267.
Sari, R., Arisanty, D., & Angriani, P. (2023). Development Of A Project Learning Model To Improve The Critical And Creative Thinking Ability Of Elementary School Students In The Wetland Area Of Barito Kuala Regency. The 3rd International Conference of Social Studies Education (ICSSE) , September , 262–271.
Setyaningsih, TD, Agoestanto, A., & Kurniasih, AW (2014). Identifying Students' Critical Thinking Stages Using PBL in Mathematical Problem Posing Assignments. Kreano Journal , 5 (2), 180–187.
Setyawati, A., Rahaju, & Hariyani, S. (2019). Learning Fraction Operations with the Make a Match Model and Smart Domino Card Games. AKSIOMA: Journal of Mathematics and Mathematics Education , 10 (2), 162–171.
Silva, H., Lopes, J., Dominguez, C., & Morais, E. (2022). Lecture, Cooperative Learning and Concept Mapping: Any Differences on Critical and Creative Thinking Development. International Journal of Instruction , 15 (1), 765–780.
Suharna, H., & Abdullah, NH (2020). 4C Mathematical Thinking Skills in Learning during Covid-19, Especially in the New Normal Era. Delta-Pi: Journal of Mathematics And Mathematics Education , 9 (2), 178–185.
Sukmawati, A. (2020). Meta Analysis of Problem Based Learning Models in Improving Critical Thinking Abilities in Mathematics Learning. Thinking Skills and Creativity Journal (TSCJ) , 3 (2), 63–68.
Sulistiani, E., & Masrukan. (2016). The Importance of Critical Thinking in Mathematics Learning to Face MEA Challenges. National Mathematics Seminar X Semarang State University , 605–612.
Suriansyah, A., Agusta, AR, & Setiawan, A. (2021). Antasari Blended Learning Model to Develop Critical Thinking and Problem Solving Skills. Journal of Economics Education and Entrepreneurship , 2 (2), 90–110.
Suriansyah, A., Amelia, R., & Lestari, MA (2019). Improving Student Learning Activities in Mathematics Subjects Using a Combination of Problem Based Learning (PBL), Think Pair Share (TPS) and Teams Games Tournament (TGT) Models in VB Class at SDN Teluk Tiram 1 Banjarmasin. Proceedings of the ULM PS2DMP National Seminar , 5 (1), 27–36.
Syifa, SA, & Annisa, M. (2023). Educational: Journal of Educational Sciences Application of the Problem Based Learning Model, Numbered Head Together, STEM Improves Student Learning Outcomes. Educative: Journal of Educational Sciences , 5 (6), 2773–2782. https://edukatif.org/index.php/edukatif/index
Tanjung, TS, & Barus, U. (2023). Improving Mathematics Learning Outcomes Through the Make A Match Learning Model with Fractional Number Material for Class IV Students at Abdi Sukma Private Elementary School, Medan Johor District. Didactics: Scientific Journal PGSD FKIP Mandir University , 09 (05), 1552–1565.
Wati, EK, Maruti, ES, & Budiarti, M. (2020). Aspects of Collaboration in the Social Skills of Grade IV Elementary School Students. Scientific Journal of Primary School Teacher Education , 4 (2), 97–114.
